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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=co.bolton.nqilvPain is an unpleasant sensation, which informs about any abnormality in either body or part of it. Pain may be either physical or mental depending on its source of origin. Generally mental or physic pain are treated with antipsychotic agents which include, antidepressant, anti-anxiety and anti manic drugs. However, the pain generated by physical stimuli may be treated with analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Analgesic is those drugs or agent, which reduce or block the sensation of pain temporarily. Several synthetic and plant origin analgesic are being tested for their efficacy and potency on different animal model including hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, cold pain, filament pain, tail immersion technique, acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced writhing test. Many plant extract have been proved to be analgesic just by evaluating through any one of these model stated, but the present review is based on the detail working principle and constructional detail of all the possible models generally available in pharmacology laboratory.
Hot plate method of analgesic evaluation is based on the thermal stimuli principle. Animal used in this procedure firstly introduced to the pain by applying heat to their paw. This will cause pain and after few minute rats will start, licking their paw and trying to stand by one leg for a moment and then inject the medicine or plant extract, which is to be evaluated. The hot plate temperature must be maintained at 55C consistently.
Systematically procedure is as follows-
1. Weigh and number the mice/rat used for experiment.
2. Dived animals into three groups- (1) Reference (2) Control (3) Experimental Groups.
3. Note the reaction time of rat by licking or jump response in animal after placing them on hot plate.
4. A cut off time will be about 15 sec to avoid unnecessary pain and damage.
5. Inject the drug (Plant extract) on experimental animal and allow the drug to be absorbed, and again place them on hot plate and note down the basal reaction time.
6. Compare response time before and after medicine insertion.
7. Repeat procedure if satisfactory result or response is not received.
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