Coordination and affordances
Dr. Paul (Jack) Treffner
metaffordance.com
Talk given at Australasian Skill Acquisition Research Group (ASARG) conference, AUT-Millenium Institute, Auckland, May 2014.
For more on speech-hand interaction in DRIVING - mobile phones etc, listen here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxnVJgmykMw&index=3&list=PLtoX6L88vjke4vpnevC7Gf9BWxNx3xbdUI attempt to summarise in 20 minutes our 20-year research programme into coordination and affordances. During the 90s, we gained insight into the dynamical principles governing how the body coordinates the limbs using the "hand-held pendulums" paradigm at the University of Connecticut's Centre for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action. This involved principles from dynamical systems and self-organisation theory to investigate the body's intrinsic asymmetry and handedness. (3:12)
Precise experiments as measured via relative phase of intended 1:1 in-phase or anti-phase bimanual rhythmic coordination patterns showed:
(1) pattern or phase shift increases (or decreases) by the imposition of an extrinsic constraint of a higher (lower) frequency, shorter (longer) pendulum in the dominant hand, and a lower (higher) frequency pendulum in the non-dominant hand (i.e., movement pattern can be implicitly controlled); (6:46)
(2) variability of coordination increases (decreases) as imposed asymmetry increases (decreases); (9:06)
(3) as rate increases, intrinsic plus extrinsic asymmetry amplifies both phase shift and variability; (9:38)
(4) cognitive constraints act like biomechanical constraints and asymmetrical directed attention to the dominant (non-dominant) hand increases (decreases) phase shift, but decreases (increases) variability; (10:41)
(6) between-person coordination involves similar dynamics and informational constraints (optical, acoustic) to within-person coordination (musculoskeletal) and can be understood from the perspective of polyrhythms, resonance constraints, and number theory (the Farey tree); (12:15)
Following a refresher on Warren's famous experimental investigations on affordances (15:19) using stair climbing (16:12), I summarise our work on semantics-based coordination dynamics with speech-hand coordination (hand motion leads jaw) (19:50), gestures (they precede the word to be emphasised) (22:20), and how affordances embody the meaning of a perceived utterance. Finally, our research on driver training, stability, and mobile phones shows how coordination dynamics can inform socially-relevant perception-action research (24:19) such as how stability provides the foundation of good training (24:43), perceived affordances determine control (25:43), how attention is crucial, and how driver distraction has become an epidemic (26:38). Remarkably, ecological realism as the underlying stance, can also be investigated using the technology of virtual and "augmented reality" - real affordances versus virtual affordances - or metaffordances (28:54). These can provide further insight into modern ecologies and associated behaviour.
Questions follow (31:06) from Rens Meerhoff (a researcher in interpersonal coordination) regarding the future of coordination dynamics and its applicability to the complexity of everyday tasks as especially seen during social coordination and sports. See his research here:
http://physed.otago.ac.nz/research/students/rens_meerhoff.htmlhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945714000591References included (31:15).
All references, PDFs, links to further information on dynamical systems, ecological psychology, and skill acquisition, available at:
http://www.metaffordance.com.For more on speech-hand interaction in DRIVING - mobile phones etc, listen here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxnVJgmykMw&index=3&list=PLtoX6L88vjke4vpnevC7Gf9BWxNx3xbdUAbout the Site 🌐
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