Science documentary : Expansion of the Universe , a science documentary on space expansion
In this video you will learn about the expansion of the universe that has been happening since the beginning of time, 13.7 to 13.8 billion years ago.
We know that the universe is expanding because we can see the different wavelengths of light emitted by various stars and galaxies. Galaxies and stars that appears to us to be blue in color are closer to us than ones that appear to us to be red in color. This is because galaxies and stars that appear to us as red, are redshifted , meaning their wavelengths of light are stretched out, as opposed to galaxies and stars that appear to be blue, in which their wavelengths are much closer together.
So , since we know that there are galaxies moving further away from us, faster and faster, we can show that the universe must have started from a much smaller, hotter and denser point, referred to as a singularity. Though these galaxies are flying away from each other, it is not the galaxies that are expanding, but the space between the galaxies. Space is getting bigger.
Scientist have also found that galaxies were rotating much too fast to stay together. They would have expected their stars to be flung out into space and the galaxy torn apart. Yet this was not happening. The Galaxies were being held together by an invisible force. A force called Dark Matter. One of the more peculiar aspects of Dark Matter is that there is more Dark Matter in the Universe than normal matter.
However, there is a more abundant and significant player in the universal arrangement. And that player is Dark Energy. Dark Energy makes up the majority of the Universe and is what is pushing the galaxies away from each other and accelerating the expansion of the universe.
Star Formation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ9fmAGShvsCosmic Microwave Background:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSPQbrxD75wElectromagnetic Spectrum:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41Q6FeO-_8IGoogle+
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